Towards the end of the 6th century B.C. The Persians under their King Darius, had dominated the Greek cities in Asia Minor. Kalymnos as well as Kos were forced to pay a heavy tribute to Darius
During the Peloponnesian war; 431 - 404 B.C. the Kalymnians allied with the Athenians. During the war they were invaded by the Spartan admiral Astyocho, who did not however manage
From 220 to 215 B.C. Kalymnos is subject to Kos which together with Rhodes and Rome, took part in the war against Phillip the 5th of Macedonia. (Not to be confused with FYROM or
In 554 A.D. one of the most terrible earthquakes ever occurred. The earth shook for 14 days and is well documented by the historian Agathias who happened to be in Kos at the time.
In 1523 A.D. the Kalymnians that were still left on the island (since the defence of Kos and Rhodes had stripped Kalymnos bare of most of its able warriors and since the Knights of the
On the 12th of March 1912, Italian war ships disembarked landing parties in Kalymnos. Italy was at war with Turkey over Tripolitida which it managed to conquer and was now expanding